Heroin , diamorphine or more precisely diacetylmorphine , is a five-ring heterocyclic compound of semi-synthetic origin of the morphinan subclass . This psychotropic substance is used for its very powerful analgesic and euphoric effects . It is also one of the most toxic-dependent , habit-forming , dangerous (due to the frequent risks of overdose ) and destructive of all drugs . Discovered by Charles Romley Alder Wright in 1874, it is an opioid obtained by acetylation of morphine , the principal alkaloid derived from the latex of the opium poppy .
Its consumption is extremely addictive and can lead to a very strong dependence , both physical and psychological. In fact, the administration of heroin causes a very strong increase in the level of endorphins (or “endomorphine”) and dopamine , the latter increasing by approximately 200% in the brain’s reward system .
It is used for medical purposes as an analgesic , but mainly illegally for recreational purposes. Its chronic use is likely to lead to very strong addiction in the subject.
Heroin is an internationally controlled substance. It is listed in Schedules I and IV of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs [ 3 ] . It is classified as a dangerous narcotic . Its sale is therefore prohibited and it gives rise to significant illegal trafficking .
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